Drawing on the Development Experiences of Infectious Disease Surveillance Systems Around the World

High-quality infectious disease surveillance systems are foundational to infectious disease prevention and control. Current major infectious disease surveillance systems globally can be categorized as either indicator-based, which are more specific, or event-based, which are more timely. Modern surveillance systems commonly utilize multi-source data, strengthened information sharing, advanced technology, and improved early warning accuracy and sensitivity. International experience may provide valuable insights for China. China's existing infectious disease surveillance systems require urgent enhancements to monitor emerging infectious diseases and improve the integration and learning capabilities of early warning models. Methods such as establishing multi-stage surveillance systems, promoting cross-sectoral and cross-provincial data sharing, applying advanced technologies like artificial intelligence, and cultivating professional talent should be adopted to enhance the development of intelligent and multipoint-triggered infectious disease surveillance systems in China.