Prognostic role of serum cytokines level in non-small cell lung cancer patients with anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy combined treatment

Hongyu Liu ¹, Chao Zhou ¹, Haohua Jiang ¹

⁰Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Immunology +

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November 6, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Serum cytokines like IL-6 and IL-4 may predict treatment outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitors. These biomarkers could help personalize chemoimmunotherapy for better prognosis.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Immunology
Biomarker Discovery

Background

Chemoimmunotherapy combining chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitors has improved NSCLC treatment.
Treatment response varies, necessitating predictive factors for personalized therapy.
Serum cytokines offer a non-invasive approach to predict treatment efficacy.

Purpose Of The Study

To investigate the association between serum cytokine levels and prognosis in NSCLC patients undergoing chemoimmunotherapy.
To identify specific cytokines that can serve as predictive biomarkers for treatment response and survival.

Main Methods

Serum cytokine levels (10 types) were measured in 60 NSCLC patients receiving chemoimmunotherapy.
Dynamic samples from 19 patients were analyzed at baseline and after two cycles.
Survival analysis, Cox regression, and time-dependent ROC analysis were used to assess associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Main Results

Lower baseline IL-6, IL-5, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels correlated with longer PFS and OS.
Higher baseline IL-4 levels were associated with longer PFS and OS.
Elevated IL-6 and IL-5 levels predicted poorer PFS, while higher IL-6 predicted dismal OS.
Changes in cytokine levels during treatment showed potential association with treatment response.

Conclusions

Serum cytokines, including IL-6, IL-5, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-4, are potential prognostic factors for NSCLC patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy.
These cytokines may aid in predicting patient outcomes and guiding treatment decisions.

Keywords:

NSCLC biomarker checkpoint inhibitor chemotherapy cytokine