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Exploring the Association Between Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity and Quality of Life

Amy E Ensing1, Henok Getahun1, Rebecca Z Lin1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|November 6, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity did not consistently correlate with quality of life (QOL) scores in children. The disease burden in mild OSA and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) should not be underestimated.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Quality of Life Research

Background:

  • Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition affecting children's health and well-being.
  • Understanding the impact of OSA severity on quality of life (QOL) is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous research has explored QOL in pediatric OSA, but the relationship with varying disease severity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the severity of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and health-related quality of life (QOL).
  • To assess QOL using both a disease-specific questionnaire and a generic fatigue measure in children evaluated for OSA.
  • To determine if QOL differences exist among children with no OSA, resolved OSA, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and varying degrees of OSA severity.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey design was employed.
  • Participants aged 2-18 years undergoing evaluation for OSA at a pediatric otolaryngology clinic and sleep center were recruited.
  • Validated questionnaires, including the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Questionnaire (OSA-18) and the PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue Score (MFS), were administered.

Main Results:

  • Children without OSA reported higher QOL than those with SDB, mild, moderate, or severe OSA.
  • No consistent or clear patterns in QOL scores were observed between the SDB, mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups on either the OSA-18 or PedsQL MFS.
  • Linear regression analysis revealed weak relationships between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and QOL/fatigue scores (R² < 0.1).

Conclusions:

  • No consistent differences in QOL were found between children with varying severities of OSA when assessed with both OSA-specific and generic fatigue measures.
  • The study suggests that the impact of mild OSA and SDB on a child's QOL may be underestimated.
  • Further research may be needed to elucidate the complex interplay between pediatric OSA severity and QOL.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrenfatigueobstructive sleep apneaquality of lifesleep disordered breathing

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