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Using Four-Component Instructional Design to Create an Interactive Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum for Physician
Stacy Dawkins1,2,3,4,5,6, Shannon Cooper1,2,3,4,5,6, James Wilcox1,2,3,4,5,6
1Stacy Dawkins, DMSc, PA-C, is an adjunct professor, Indiana University Masters of Physician Assistant Studies Program, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Introduction:
Many physician assistant/associate (PA) programs lack point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) education in the PA curricula and a standardized approach to ultrasound training. The four-component instructional design (4C/ID) model merges 4 concepts for developing effective instructional design content for complex content delivery, such as ultrasound. This research study created an interactive, 2-part ultrasound curriculum with an instructional designer for PA students using the 4C/ID model.
Methods:
Two interactive ultrasound curriculum models were created from the 4C/ID model using a knowledge-based precurriculum quiz, learning tasks with online modules and recordings, part-task practice with ultrasound experts, skills checkoffs, and a postcurriculum quiz including questions on students' perspectives of ultrasound. Two-tailed paired t -test analysis assessed the effectiveness of training.
Results:
Evaluation of prelearning and postlearning quizzes demonstrated multiple statistically significant assessments supporting the use of instructional design technology for a PA program's ultrasound curriculum.
Discussion:
This small study demonstrated that the 4C/ID model may be beneficial for PA POCUS training. The 2-part interactive curriculum improved PA student competency of ultrasound principles and applications and increased confidence for future clinical use of ultrasound.
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