Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
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Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
Published on: January 20, 2012
Erika S Trent1, Eric A Storch2
1Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS:350, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Health and Biomedical Sciences Building 1, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
Abstract:
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the front-line psychological intervention for the treatment of anxiety disorders. It is based on the cognitive behavioral model of anxiety disorders, which conceptualizes anxiety as caused by a pattern of maladaptive cognitive appraisals and avoidance behaviors that perpetuate pathologic fears. CBT includes core components that are relevant across anxiety disorders, including psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, exposure therapy, and relapse prevention. CBT has a strong evidence base supporting its short-term and long-term efficacy and effectiveness. A case vignette is provided to illustrate the application of CBT principles. Clinical complexities, clinical recommendations, and future research directions are discussed.
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