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New approaches and performance analysis of on-demand delivery systems using buses
Gao Gao1,2, Zhengfeng Huang3,4, PengJun Zheng1,2
1Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, 315000, China.
Scientific Reports
|November 6, 2024
Summary
New bus-based delivery models, "bus terminal + professional crowd shippers" (B&P) and "bus stop + crowdsourced passenger" (B&C), reduce costs and environmental impact for on-demand delivery.
Area of Science:
- Operations Research
- Logistics Management
- Transportation Science
Background:
- Traditional third-party delivery services face challenges like rising labor costs and safety concerns.
- The growth of on-demand delivery necessitates innovative and efficient logistics solutions.
- Electric bicycles used in current delivery systems present limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and evaluate two novel on-demand delivery modes utilizing bus infrastructure.
- To assess the feasibility and performance of bus-based delivery systems compared to traditional methods.
- To identify strategic recommendations for implementing these new delivery models.
Main Methods:
- Introduction of two distinct delivery modes: Bus Terminal + Professional Crowd Shippers (B&P) and Bus Stop + Crowdsourced Passenger (B&C).
- Evaluation using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): labor costs, destination change costs, and delivery time per kilometer.
- Empirical analysis based on 18,349 delivery cases in downtown Ningbo, China.
Main Results:
- Both B&P and B&C modes significantly reduce delivery costs and external environmental impacts.
- Performance metrics (cost, efficiency) are comparable to traditional third-party delivery for mid-to-long distances (3-10 km).
- Identified strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for each proposed delivery mode.
Conclusions:
- Bus-based delivery models offer a viable alternative to traditional e-bike delivery services.
- Public transportation integration can enhance delivery efficiency and sustainability.
- Flexibility limitations due to public transport schedules require strategic consideration for optimal implementation.
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