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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

14.0K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

16.9K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
16.9K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.1K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.1K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

23.7K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
23.7K

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Layered hybrid superlattices as designable quantum solids.

Zhong Wan1, Qi Qian2, Yu Huang3,4

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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Researchers created novel layered hybrid superlattices (LHSLs) by combining crystalline atomic layers with molecular interlayers. These advanced materials offer tunable electronic properties for next-generation functional electronics and quantum information science.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Crystalline solids offer robust electronic properties but limited tunability.
  • Synthetic molecular systems provide high tunability but lack structural integrity.
  • Integrating these systems is challenging due to differing chemical bonding and processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for integrating crystalline atomic layers with synthetic molecular systems.
  • To create novel layered hybrid superlattices (LHSLs) with customizable properties.
  • To explore the emergent electronic and quantum properties of these new materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing van der Waals gaps in two-dimensional atomic crystals for intercalation.
  • Inserting diverse atomic or molecular intercalants without disrupting covalent bonds.
  • Employing versatile molecular design and modular assembly for LHSL fabrication.

Main Results:

  • Successful creation of layered hybrid superlattices (LHSLs) with alternating crystalline atomic and molecular layers.
  • Demonstrated ability to customize chemical composition and structural motifs in interlayers.
  • Observed emergent properties arising from the unique hybrid structure.

Conclusions:

  • LHSLs offer a flexible platform for combining distinct chemical constituents and quantum properties.
  • These materials enable the design of artificial solids with tunable three-dimensional potential landscapes.
  • LHSLs present significant opportunities for advancing quantum information science and functional electronics.