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Analytical decisions pose moral questions.

Mirela Zaneva1

  • 1Christ Church College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Health Psychology Review
|November 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Scientists must consider the ethical implications of analytical decisions, such as variable dichotomization. Deeper engagement with these moral issues leads to more robust and principled scientific practices.

Area of Science:

  • Scientific methodology
  • Research ethics
  • Data analysis

Background:

  • Analytical decisions in research, like dichotomizing variables, often carry unexamined moral or value implications.
  • These implications encompass concepts of right/wrong, value, and appropriateness in scientific practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the multifaceted moral issues embedded in common analytical choices.
  • To advocate for deeper consideration of ethical dimensions in scientific decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Illustrating potential moral considerations (exclusion, marginalization, autonomy, responsibility, non-maleficence) linked to analytical practices.
  • Discussing examples such as diagnostic thresholds, population definitions, composite measures, classification, variable selection, and data aggregation.
Keywords:
Valuesanalysiscoupled ethical-epistemic analysisethicsmeasurementmultiverse analysis

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  • Examining these in light of theoretical and statistical reservations.

    • Main Results:

    • Analytical choices, even seemingly trivial ones, are tied to significant ethical considerations.
    • Common practices like setting thresholds or aggregating data can have profound moral consequences.

    Conclusions:

    • Scientists should engage more deeply with the ethical implications of their analytical decisions.
    • Adopting a principled, pluralistic, and coupled ethical-epistemic approach enhances scientific robustness.
    • Methods like sensitivity testing, multiverse analysis, and participatory learning can integrate diverse moral views.