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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

Inkjet-Printed FASn_1-PbI₃-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Ayush Tara^1,2, Vincent Schröder³, Ananta Paul⁴

¹Department of Solution Processing of Hybrid Material and Devices, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|November 7, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Inkjet printing improves tin-lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Formamidinium tin-lead perovskite films with 50% lead achieved 10.26% power conversion efficiency and enhanced stability.

Keywords:

NIR-region solar cells band gap tuning inkjet printing low bandgap solar cells tandem applications tin−lead perovskites

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2025

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Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Nanotechnology

Background:

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising thin-film photovoltaics.
High power conversion efficiency (PCE) and facile fabrication are key advantages.
Tin-lead perovskites offer tunable bandgaps for solar energy conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore inkjet printing for fabricating mixed formamidinium tin-lead perovskite thin films.
To evaluate the impact of lead incorporation on lattice stability and device performance.
To optimize composition for enhanced photovoltaic properties.

Main Methods:

Inkjet printing of combinatorial mixed formamidinium tin-lead perovskite films.
Analysis of thin-film layer quality and structural properties.
Fabrication and characterization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

Main Results:

Incorporating up to 50% lead (Pb) into formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) films improved lattice stability.
Optimized FASn0.5Pb0.5I3-based PSCs achieved a maximum PCE of 10.26%.
These PSCs exhibited extended absorption beyond 1000 nm, with a 1.25 eV bandgap.

Conclusions:

Inkjet printing is an effective method for enhancing the efficiency of tin-lead-based PSCs.
The findings support the scalability of inkjet-printed PSCs for commercial applications.
Optimized tin-lead perovskite compositions show potential for efficient solar energy harvesting.