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Only consciousness truly exists? Two problems for IIT 4.0's ontology.

Ignacio Cea1,2, Niccolo Negro3, Camilo Miguel Signorelli4,5,6

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Integrated Information Theory (IIT) faces ontological challenges. Conscious entities may depend on non-existent entities, questioning IIT's framework for consciousness and objective reality.

Keywords:
consciousness scienceextrinsic existenceformal metaphysicsidealismintegrated information theoryintrinsic existenceintrinsicality problemontology of consciousness

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Theoretical Neuroscience
  • Consciousness Studies

Background:

  • Integrated Information Theory (IIT) posits consciousness arises from integrated information.
  • IIT 4.0 defines consciousness through specific mathematical axioms and postulates.
  • The theory faces challenges in reconciling phenomenal and objective existence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present two novel ontological problems for Integrated Information Theory (IIT) 4.0.
  • To analyze the implications of these problems for the theory's core tenets.
  • To propose a reconsideration of the ontological status of non-conscious entities within IIT.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of IIT's ontological commitments.
  • Development of thought experiments illustrating the "intrinsicality 2.0" and "engineering" problems.
  • Examination of the relationship between phenomenal existence and objective reality in IIT.

Main Results:

  • IIT 4.0 may permit conscious entities to depend on or be engineered from non-objectively existing entities.
  • This dependency creates an ontological paradox: non-existent entities forming the basis of existent ones.
  • The theory's equation of true existence with phenomenal existence leads to the exclusion of extrinsic entities from objective reality.

Conclusions:

  • The presented problems suggest IIT needs to revise its stance on the objective existence of non-conscious (extrinsic) entities.
  • Reconsidering the ontological status of extrinsic entities is crucial for resolving the identified paradoxes.
  • IIT's framework requires adjustment to accommodate the objective reality of all physical entities, conscious or not.