Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

4.2K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.2K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

3.6K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
3.6K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

2.6K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.6K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

333
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
333
The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

1.9K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
1.9K
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

1.4K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Post pelvic binder radiograph can identify bladder injury associated with pelvic trauma: A multi-centre observational study.

Injury·2026
Same author

Comparative efficacy of oral and cloacal administration of Lactobacillus probiotics and postbiotics against Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broiler chickens.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

In-ovo supplementation with bovine milk osteopontin improves hatchability, chick quality, growth performance, and enhances intraepithelial lymphocyte populations in specific-pathogen-free layer chicks.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

Comparative Diagnostic Efficacy of Microscopy, LAMP and PCR for Detection of Bovine Babesiosis in New Valley Governorate, Egypt.

Acta parasitologica·2026
Same author

Early-life supplementation of poultry-derived lactobacilli drives microbial succession and gut immune modulation in broiler chickens.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Epithelial-Macrophage Crosstalk in Host Responses to <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Infection in Humans.

Microorganisms·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis
07:29

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis

Published on: November 12, 2015

19.8K

Thyroid gland dysfunction and keratoconus.

Omar M Said1, Mohammed Iqbal2, Ahmed El-Massry3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.

Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation Ophthalmology Journal
|November 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study found a significantly higher frequency of keratoconus in patients with thyroid gland dysfunction (TGD). TGD is associated with changes in corneal parameters, suggesting a potential link between thyroid health and eye conditions.

Keywords:
T3 thyroid hormoneT4 thyroid hormonecorneal topographykeratoconusprimary hyperthyroidismprimary hypothyroidismthyroid glandthyroid-stimulating hormone

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

540
Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings
04:00

Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings

Published on: August 2, 2024

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis
07:29

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis

Published on: November 12, 2015

19.8K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

540
Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings
04:00

Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings

Published on: August 2, 2024

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Corneal Diseases

Background:

  • The relationship between keratoconus and thyroid gland dysfunction (TGD) is debated.
  • This study investigated keratoconus prevalence in treatment-naive TGD patients versus controls.
  • The study also explored TGD's impact on corneal topography and tomography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of keratoconus in patients with laboratory-confirmed, treatment-naive TGD.
  • To compare keratoconus frequency with age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • To investigate the association between TGD and corneal topographic/tomographic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, cross-sectional study involving TGD patients and healthy controls.
  • Comprehensive ocular examinations and corneal tomography were performed.
  • Serum thyroid hormone levels (TSH, FT4, FT3) were measured.

Main Results:

  • The TGD group showed a significantly higher frequency of keratoconus (7.5%) compared to controls (0.5%).
  • Eyes in the TGD group exhibited lower corneal thickness (CTT) and higher maximum simulated keratometry (Kmax) and back elevation (BE) values.
  • Abnormal corneal topographic patterns were more frequent in the TGD group.

Conclusions:

  • A higher prevalence of keratoconus was observed in individuals with TGD, particularly females.
  • Thyroid gland dysfunction is linked to significant alterations in corneal topographic and tomographic parameters.
  • These findings suggest a potential association between TGD and keratoconus, warranting further investigation.