Supramolecular solvents: a gateway to all-in-one extractions in chemical exposomics

The characterization of the human chemical exposome through daily estimated intakes or biomonitoring has become paramount to understand the causal pathways leading to common diseases. The paradigm shift that has taken place in looking at health has moved research from the classical biomedical model based on "one exposure, one disease" to a more comprehensive approach based on multiple chemicals and low dose effects. For this purpose, untargeted and/or suspect analysis of chemicals based on liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) has been proposed as the most relevant strategy for sequencing the exposome. A key aspect in this respect is the development of unbiased sample preparation methods that efficiently concentrate the wide range of untargeted/suspected chemicals while minimizing interference from sample matrices. Here, we aim to critically discuss the potential of tailored supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS) for achieving all-in-one extractions in chemical exposomics, as an alternative to overcome the limitations of the current sample treatment strategies, on the basis of their intrinsic properties and the applications reported so far.