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Dietary reference intake for military operations: a scoping review
Ryoko Mizushima1,2, Motohiko Miyachi3,4, Eiichi Yoshimura5
1Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Peerj
|November 8, 2024
Summary
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for military operations differ significantly from civilian guidelines, particularly in energy, protein, macronutrient distribution, and sodium levels to accommodate high physical activity and environmental demands.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Military Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited reports exist on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for military operations globally.
- Scoping review to compile and organize information on DRI formulation for military contexts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To collect and organize data on the formulation of DRIs for military operations.
- To identify differences between military and civilian DRIs.
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed and Google for literature and reports on DRIs for military operations.
- Summarized content from selected literature and reports.
Main Results:
- Military DRIs for Australia, UK, USA, and NATO vary from civilian standards.
- Adjustments include higher energy requirements (PAL 1.50-3.20), increased protein (55-307 g/day), altered macronutrient distribution, and doubled sodium intake (920-3,200 mg/day).
- These modifications account for increased physical activity and environmental stressors.
Conclusions:
- Military DRIs are tailored to personnel's physical activity and operating environments.
- Key differences are observed in energy, protein, macronutrient distribution, and sodium recommendations compared to civilian DRIs.
