Potential antitumor effect of polysaccharides extracted from Polygonatum sibiricum on human prostate cancer PC‑3...

Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) are a traditional herbal medicine component with potential therapeutic effects on several diseases. The present study aimed to assess the role of PSP in the treatment of human prostate cancer using a PC-3 cell line by Cell CK-8, transwell and wound healing assays, then elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms by western blot and quantitative Real-time RT-PCR. Different concentrations of PSP were applied to PC-3 cells, and the proliferation, invasion and migration of PC-3 cells were demonstrated to be significantly inhibited with increasing concentrations of PSP. Additionally, cell apoptosis rate and expression of caspase-3 increased with higher PSP concentrations, and the cell cycle was arrested in the S phase. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the expression of the multidrug resistance-1 gene and its encoded protein P-glycoprotein in PC-3 cells decreased following PSP treatment, suggesting that PSP may have the potential to reverse multidrug resistance in PC-3 cells. The present study also evaluated the possible mechanism of PSP action on PC-3 cells. The results revealed that phosphorylated P65, PI3K and AKT decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. As key molecules in the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, this finding suggests that the potential mechanism of the effect of PSP on prostate cancer cells may involve simultaneous mediation of the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. The present study demonstrated that PSP inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of PC-3 cells in vitro, as well as reverse MDR in these cells. The underlying mechanism may involve the simultaneous regulation of the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways.