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Case report: A rare case of meningoencephalitis caused by Mycobacterium gordonae
Dezhi Yuan1, Xiaomi Ding2, Jing Chen3
1Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Abstract:
Meningoencephalitis, an infectious disease affecting the nervous system, is primarily caused by a variety of pathogens. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have emerged as the leading causative agent of infections worldwide, but central nervous system infections resulting from NTM are infrequent in individuals with functioning immune systems. This case report highlights the diagnosis and treatment of a 26-year-old female patient who developed headaches 2 months post double eyelid surgery and was subsequently diagnosed with NTM meningoencephalitis through metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. The patient underwent a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic protocol, resulting in a positive clinical outcome.
Insights
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause meningoencephalitis, a rare nervous system infection. This case report details the successful diagnosis and treatment of NTM meningoencephalitis in a young woman following cosmetic surgery.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Meningoencephalitis is a serious nervous system infection caused by various pathogens.
- Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized as significant infectious agents globally.
- Central nervous system (CNS) NTM infections are uncommon in immunocompetent individuals.
Observation:
- A 26-year-old female presented with headaches two months after undergoing double eyelid surgery.
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified NTM as the causative agent.
- The patient had no apparent underlying immune deficiency.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with NTM meningoencephalitis.
- A comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic strategy was implemented.
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing proved effective for identifying the pathogen.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential for NTM to cause CNS infections even in immunocompetent hosts.
- Early diagnosis via advanced techniques like mNGS is crucial for effective treatment.
- Cosmetic procedures may represent a potential, albeit rare, trigger or risk factor for such infections.
