Photon-Driven Dye Induction Pyroptosis: An Emerging Anti-Tumor Immunotherapy Paradigm

Photoimmunotherapy represents a novel and promising modality in anti-tumor immunotherapy, offering new hope in the realm of cancer treatment due to its distinctive mechanism and substantial therapeutic efficacy. This innovative approach synergistically integrates photon technology with immunological principles, utilizing photon energy to activate the body's immune response. Photon-driven pyroptosis, a pivotal element of photoimmunotherapy, has significantly revitalized the advancement of this discipline. To support this critical progress, this minireview offers an exhaustive examination of the organic dyes presently employed for photon-driven pyroptosis, alongside an analysis of the prevailing challenges and opportunities in dye molecule design. It is our aspiration that this minireview will contribute to the acceleration of developments in photon-driven pyroptosis dye and the broader field of photoimmunotherapy.