Grain-Boundary-Rich Interphases for Rechargeable Batteries

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Solid-State Ionics

Background:

• Stable interphases on electrodes are critical for rechargeable lithium (Li) battery performance.
• High-energy batteries struggle with interphase control due to electrode reactivity and structural changes, causing degradation and slow ion transport.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a method for controlling interphase formation in high-energy batteries.
• To enhance ion transport and electrode passivation for prolonged battery lifespan.

Main Methods:

• Introduction of a multicomponent, grain-boundary-rich interphase.
• Application of solid-state ionics principles and geological crystallization differentiation theory.
• Optimization of solvation chemistry and use of cost-effective electrolytes with multiple Li salts.

Main Results:

• The novel interphase significantly improved Li-ion transport and electrode-electrolyte compatibility.
• Microstructures rich in inorganic grain boundaries and nanosized grains were observed, enhancing Li-ion conductivity.
• Remarkable electrochemical stability was achieved over extended cycling by inhibiting electrode corrosion.

Conclusions:

• The developed interphase strategy offers a pathway to customize protective layers on high-capacity electrodes.
• This approach promises to advance the development of high-energy-density batteries using cost-effective electrolytes.
• The findings hold potential for applications including thin-Li-metal, Si-based anodes, and Li-free anodes with oxide cathodes.