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Sub-ppb H2S Sensing with Screen-Printed Porous ZnO/SnO2 Nanocomposite.

Mehdi Akbari-Saatlu1, Masoumeh Heidari1, Claes Mattsson1

  • 1Department of Engineering, Mathematics and Science Education, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, SE-85170 Sundsvall, Sweden.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Highly sensitive hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas sensors were developed using porous ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites. These sensors achieve ultrasensitive detection at sub-ppb levels, crucial for industrial safety and environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
H2SZnO/SnO2 nanocompositegas sensorscreen printingultrasonic spray pyrolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas requiring early detection for safety.
  • Industrial emissions and natural gas processing are common sources of H2S.
  • Existing detection methods may lack the sensitivity needed for stringent safety regulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop ultrasensitive gas sensors for H2S detection.
  • To investigate the performance of porous ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites.
  • To establish a low detection limit for H2S in various conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of five ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposite sensor compositions via screen-printing.
  • Structural and morphological characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • Performance evaluation of sensors at 325 °C under different atmospheric conditions (dry, humid air, N2).

Main Results:

  • The ZnO/SnO2 sensor with a 3:4 weight ratio exhibited the highest response.
  • A low detection limit of 0.14 ppb for H2S was achieved.
  • The sensor demonstrated precise H2S concentration measurements from 5 ppb to 500 ppb.

Conclusions:

  • Porous ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites significantly enhance gas sensitivity for H2S detection.
  • The developed sensor offers high accuracy and effectiveness under diverse conditions.
  • This advancement holds promise for improved environmental monitoring and industrial safety applications.