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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

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Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
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Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:28

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

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Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
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Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Recent Progress in Two-Dimensional Magnetic Materials.

Guangchao Shi1, Nan Huang2, Jingyuan Qiao1

  • 1Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Giant magnetoresistance in two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials offers exciting possibilities for advanced electronics and spintronics. This review explores their properties, effects like the anomalous Hall effect, and applications in novel devices.

Keywords:
2D magnetantiferromagneticferromagneticspin orderspintronics

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials exhibit unique properties due to their layered structures.
  • The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in these materials is of significant interest for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing research area of 2D magnetic materials.
  • To catalogue 2D magnetic materials by magnetic coupling types and highlight key physical effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and theoretical investigation of 2D magnetic materials.
  • Cataloguing materials based on magnetic coupling.
  • Discussion of phenomena such as magnetic circular dichroism, magneto-optical Kerr effect, and anomalous Hall effect.

Main Results:

  • Categorization of 2D magnetic materials based on their magnetic coupling.
  • Detailed discussion of vital effects including magnetic circular dichroism, magneto-optical Kerr effect, and anomalous Hall effect.
  • Exploration of spin textures like magnons and skyrmions in 2D magnets.

Conclusions:

  • 2D magnetic materials possess unique properties suitable for sensing, data storage, electronics, and spintronics.
  • Further research into magnons, skyrmions, and spin textures in 2D magnets holds significant promise for future device applications.