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Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Sonic Hedgehog Is an Early Oligodendrocyte Marker During Remyelination.

Mariagiovanna Russo1, Amina Zahaf2, Abdelmoumen Kassoussi1,2

  • 1Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, 91400 Saclay, France.

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Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is crucial for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin regeneration. This study reveals Shh signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Oligodendrocyte dysfunction impairs myelin repair in neurological disorders.
  • Identifying molecular signals that promote remyelination is critical for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin regeneration.
  • To determine the temporal expression of Shh during myelination and remyelination processes.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo rodent models.
  • Functional blockade and adeno-associated virus-mediated Shh invalidation.
  • Analysis of myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) expression.

Main Results:

  • Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression precedes myelin basic protein (MBP) upregulation during oligodendrocyte maturation.
  • Shh is rapidly induced in oligodendroglial cells during remyelination in demyelinated mouse brains.
  • Shh downregulation impairs oligodendrocyte differentiation and reduces myelin protein expression.

Conclusions:

  • Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a key signaling molecule essential for oligodendrocyte differentiation and effective remyelination.
  • Targeting Shh signaling pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases characterized by demyelination.