A comprehensive update on over the counter artificial tears.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Artificial tears are vital for managing dry eye disease (DED), offering symptomatic relief and improving ocular surface health.
• Pharmaceutical innovation has led to diverse artificial tear formulations and ingredients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of currently available artificial tear products.
• To highlight the importance of product composition in DED management.

Main Methods:

• Review of artificial tear products on the market.
• Analysis of active ingredients, inactive ingredients, preservatives, and formulation.

Main Results:

• Artificial tears vary significantly in their composition.
• Ingredient and formulation specifics influence clinical effectiveness in treating ocular pathology.
• Certain ingredients may cause ocular damage.

Conclusions:

• Clinicians must consider artificial tear composition when selecting treatments for DED.
• Tailoring artificial tear selection to specific DED causes (e.g., evaporative, aqueous-deficient) is essential for optimal outcomes.