Aromatic polyketides isolated from the marine-derived fungus Didymella aeria and their neuroprotective activity

Two novel aromatic polyketides, penicanesins J and K (1, 2), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Didymella aeria, along with the known compound integrastatin B (3). The structures of the new compounds were determined by NMR spectroscopy and synthetic methods. The isolated compounds were tested for monoamine oxidase (MAO) B inhibition, anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation, and protective activity against H₂O₂-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Integrastatin B (3) showed potential activity for inhibition of Aβ aggregation and protection against H₂O₂-induced cell death.