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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

51
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Littre's hernia in children.

Avilash Sahu1, Deepti Naik1, Srikanth Chinthala1

  • 1Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.

BMJ Case Reports
|November 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Littre's hernia, a rare complication of Meckel's diverticulum, involves the diverticulum herniating into an inguinal sac. This case report details the successful surgical management of a strangulated Littre's hernia in a child.

Keywords:
Congenital disordersInfant healthPaediatric Surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastrointestinal Surgery
  • Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Meckel's diverticulum is a common congenital gastrointestinal anomaly, often asymptomatic.
  • Littre's hernia, a rare complication, occurs when Meckel's diverticulum herniates into a hernial sac.
  • Preoperative diagnosis of Littre's hernia is challenging, with high risks of strangulation, incarceration, and perforation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of successful surgical management of a strangulated Littre's hernia in a pediatric patient.
  • To review the literature on Littre's hernia in children.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and management strategies for this rare condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a pediatric patient with an irreducible and strangulated right inguinal hernia.
  • Surgical exploration and management of the hernia.
  • Comprehensive literature review using Google Scholar and PubMed for pediatric Littre's hernia cases.

Main Results:

  • Successful surgical correction of a strangulated Littre's hernia in a young boy.
  • Identification of key clinical features and management outcomes from the literature review.
  • Confirmation that strangulation and necrosis are significant risks associated with Littre's hernia.

Conclusions:

  • Littre's hernia requires prompt surgical intervention due to the high risk of complications.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes in pediatric cases.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering Meckel's diverticulum in the differential diagnosis of pediatric inguinal hernias, especially when strangulated.