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Epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors: Non-behavioural risk factors

Valérie Olié1, Amélie Gabet1, Clémence Grave1

  • 1Public Health France (Santé Publique France), 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex, France.

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases
|November 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease risk factors like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are prevalent in France, with low awareness and poor management. Intensified prevention and management strategies are crucial, especially considering unique risks for women.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally and second in France.
  • Metabolic diseases (hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, obesity) are key modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis.
  • Epidemiological data on these risk factors in France is essential for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest national epidemiological data on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in France.
  • To assess the prevalence, awareness, and trends of metabolic diseases.
  • To highlight specific cardiovascular risks in women.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national epidemiological data for adults aged 18-74 years.
  • Review of prevalence, awareness, and trends of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolaemia.
  • Examination of gender-specific cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • In 2015, adult prevalence: obesity (17.2%), diabetes (7.4%), hypertension (30.6%), LDL hypercholesterolaemia (23.3%), CKD stage 3-5 (1.5%).
  • Awareness was low, ranging from 23% (diabetes) to 45% (hypertension).
  • Obesity and hypertension prevalence remained stable (2006-2015), but diabetes prevalence significantly increased. Metabolic factors are higher in men, but women face specific risks (gynaecological, pregnancy disorders).

Conclusions:

  • Prevention, awareness, and management of metabolic risk factors must be enhanced to reduce CVD burden in France.
  • Targeted strategies are needed, considering higher prevalence in men and specific risks in women.
  • Nutrition plays a critical role in preventing these risk factors.

Keywords:
DiabetesEpidemiologyHypertensionLow-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolaemiaRisk factors

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