Health Implications of Depleted Uranium: An Update

Depleted uranium (DU), as a heavy metal material extensively utilized in the industrial sector, poses potential health risks to humans through various exposure pathways, including inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. To comprehensively understand the toxicological hazards of DU, this study conducted a literature search in the Web of Science Core Collection database using "DU" and "toxicity" as keywords, covering the period from January 2000 to December 2023. A total of 65 papers related to human, animal, or cellular studies on DU were included. This review delves into the latest research advancements on the origin and toxicokinetics of DU, as well as its pulmonary toxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, cancer, bone toxicity, and hematological toxicity. The aim of this review is to gain a deeper understanding of the health hazards posed by DU, which is of significant importance for formulating corresponding protection strategies and measures.