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Related Concept Videos

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress01:25

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress

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In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
The Maximum Shearing Stress Criterion, also known as...
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Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

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Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

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The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
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Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:08

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each...
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Cutting Procedures, Tensile Testing, and Ageing of Flexible Unidirectional Composite Laminates
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An Enhanced Progressive Damage Model for Laminated Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the 3D Hashin Failure Criterion:

Yichen Zhang1, Wim Van Paepegem2, Wouter De Corte1

  • 1Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park 60, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new 3D progressive damage model (PDM) accurately simulates composite material behavior and damage evolution under various loads. This advanced model enhances predictions for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials.

Keywords:
FRPcharacteristic lengthmulti-level analysisnon-monotonic loadingnumerical simulationprogressive damage model (PDM)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate modeling of composite materials is crucial for predicting mechanical performance.
  • Existing models often struggle with complex stress states and non-monotonic loading.
  • Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials require sophisticated damage characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and verify a 3D progressive damage model (PDM) using the Hashin failure criterion.
  • To enhance the characterization of mechanical performance and damage evolution in composite materials.
  • To improve the simulation accuracy for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials under complex loading.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a 3D PDM within ABAQUS/Explicit via a VUMAT subroutine.
  • Utilizing the 3D Hashin failure criterion for accurate damage variable calculation.
  • Multi-level verification at element and laminate levels, including open-hole specimens.

Main Results:

  • The 3D PDM accurately simulates primary failure modes and damage evolution.
  • The model demonstrates reliable behavior under non-monotonic loading conditions.
  • Superior accuracy and effectiveness compared to existing 2D models were observed for FRP materials.

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced 3D PDM effectively characterizes softening processes and minimizes mesh dependency.
  • The model accurately captures failure crack bands, suitable for complex 3D stress states.
  • This validated model offers significant improvements for composite material simulations.