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Related Concept Videos

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Introduction to Global Positioning System01:30

Introduction to Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-Assisted Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN)-Based 6G Communications: A

Chika E Worka1, Faheem A Khan1, Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed1

  • 1Department of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) can revolutionize 6G wireless non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) by improving security, power efficiency, and data rates. AI and ML optimize RIS beamforming for sustainable NTN operations.

Keywords:
6G communicationsartificial intelligencebeamforming optimizationenergy efficiencyhigh-altitude non-terrestrial platformsmachine learningnon-terrestrial networksreconfigurable intelligent surfaces

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communications
  • Intelligent Surfaces
  • Non-Terrestrial Networks

Background:

  • Next-generation wireless systems, specifically 6G non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), face challenges in meeting diverse user demands such as secure data transmission, power efficiency, extended coverage, and high data rates.
  • Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are emerging as a key technology to address these challenges by intelligently manipulating radio wave propagation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the integration of RISs into 6G wireless NTNs.
  • To analyze the capability of RISs in fulfilling critical user requirements within NTN environments.
  • To explore the synergistic potential of RISs with other advanced technologies like MIMO and AI/ML.

Main Methods:

  • Examining the role of RISs in enhancing secure data transmission, power efficiency, coverage, and data rates in NTNs.
  • Analyzing the interplay between RISs, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, and advanced radio communications.
  • Investigating the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for optimizing RIS-based beamforming.

Main Results:

  • RISs demonstrate significant potential to enhance secure data transmission, power efficiency, extended coverage, and data rates in 6G NTNs.
  • The synergy between RISs and NTNs, supported by MIMO and AI/ML, is crucial for overcoming scientific and engineering challenges.
  • AI/ML-driven beamforming optimization by RISs contributes to energy efficiency and sustainability in NTN operations.

Conclusions:

  • RISs are a pivotal enabler for the future of wireless communication systems, particularly for 6G NTNs.
  • The integration of RISs is essential for unlocking the full potential of NTNs and advancing next-generation wireless communications.
  • This research provides valuable insights and future research directions for RIS-enhanced NTNs, paving the way for revolutionary 6G technologies.