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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

1.1K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

1.5K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
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Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
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IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
765
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

3.0K
Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
3.0K
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

High-definition Fourier Transform Infrared FT-IR Spectroscopic Imaging of Human Tissue Sections towards Improving Pathology
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Sensing the Changes in Stratum Corneum Using Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy and Hyperspectral Data

Krzysztof Banas1, Agnieszka M Banas1, Giorgia Pastorin2

  • 1Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore 117603, Singapore.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel microscopic approach to analyze the skin's stratum corneum (SC) lipid matrix. This method provides high-resolution chemical insights, improving our understanding of skin barrier function.

Keywords:
ATR–FTIRhyperspectral data processinginfrared microspectroscopyintercellular lipid matrixoutlier removalskinstratum corneum

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Biophysics
  • Chemical Imaging and Spectroscopy

Background:

  • The stratum corneum (SC) is the skin's outermost layer, crucial for barrier function.
  • Its barrier properties depend on the intercellular lipid matrix surrounding corneocytes.
  • Traditional Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods offer macroscopic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel microscopic approach for SC lipid matrix analysis.
  • To gain detailed chemical insights and assess sample heterogeneity.
  • To evaluate advanced hyperspectral data pre-processing and spectral filtering techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized hyperspectral imaging for microscopic analysis of SC samples.
  • Developed advanced data pre-processing techniques for accuracy and reliability.
  • Evaluated spectral filtering methods to identify and analyze SC lipid matrix variations.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a novel microscopic method for SC lipid matrix characterization.
  • Achieved localized, high-resolution chemical insights into the SC.
  • Successfully filtered spectral data to enhance analysis precision and identify heterogeneities.

Conclusions:

  • The microscopic approach offers deeper understanding of the SC lipid matrix compared to traditional methods.
  • Hyperspectral imaging and advanced pre-processing reveal previously unattainable insights into skin barrier function.
  • This technique enables more refined and reliable investigations of skin structure and behavior.