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Related Concept Videos

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

159
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
159
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

76
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
76

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Inverse-Designed Ultra-Compact Passive Phase Shifters for High-Performance Beam Steering.

Tianyang Fu1,2, Mengfan Chu1, Ke Jin1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed ultra-compact passive phase shifters using multi-objective particle swarm optimization. These devices enable high-performance optical phased array LiDARs with a large beam-steering range.

Keywords:
beam steeringinverse designphase shifter

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Computational Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Traditional optical phased arrays often require complex fabrication and large footprints.
  • Achieving wide-angle beam steering with compact devices remains a significant challenge in optical systems.
  • Passive phase shifters are crucial components for controlling light direction in optical phased arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate ultra-compact passive phase shifters for optical phased array applications.
  • To investigate the wavelength-dependent phase shifting characteristics of engineered waveguides.
  • To integrate these phase shifters with grating emitters for beam-steering functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multi-objective particle swarm optimization for inverse design of phase shifters.
  • Employed rectangular waveguides with random air-hole arrays to induce wavelength-dependent phase differences.
  • Fabricated and characterized the performance of integrated beam-steering structures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved significant phase tuning ranges of 6.26 rad (TE) and 6.95 rad (TM) over a 30 nm bandwidth (1535-1565 nm).
  • Demonstrated phase shifters with higher transmission and a much smaller footprint compared to array waveguide gratings.
  • Integrated structures exhibited large lateral scanning ranges of ±25.47° (TE) and ±27.85° (TM).

Conclusions:

  • The developed inverse-designed passive phase shifters offer a promising solution for ultra-compact optical systems.
  • This technology facilitates the development of high-performance optical phased array LiDARs with wide scanning capabilities.
  • The approach provides a pathway towards miniaturized and efficient beam-steering devices for various photonic applications.