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Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonism on Aortic Valve Stenosis Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Paschalis Karakasis1,2, Dimitrios Patoulias3, George Giannakoulas4

  • 1Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism (GLP-1Ra) does not appear to reduce the risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Further research is needed to confirm these findings for GLP-1Ra and CAVS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) currently lacks pharmacological treatments, with aortic valve repair being the sole effective intervention.
  • Emerging research indicates that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) can reduce calcification in aortic valve interstitial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism (GLP-1Ra) on the risk of developing CAVS using a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization design.
  • Utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method for primary causal inference.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger, to ensure result robustness and assess for horizontal pleiotropy.

Main Results:

  • GLP-1Ra demonstrated a neutral effect on the risk of CAVS (OR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.69, 1.11], p = 0.259).
  • Sensitivity analyses corroborated the non-significant association between GLP-1Ra and CAVS risk.
  • No evidence of significant horizontal pleiotropy was detected.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1 receptor agonism is not significantly associated with a reduced risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis.
  • Further pragmatic studies are warranted to explore the impact of GLP-1Ra on CAVS clinical outcomes across diverse patient populations.
Keywords:
aortic valve stenosisdiabetesglucagon-like peptide-1obesity

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