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The Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Krystalia Panagiotou1, Garyfallia Stefanou2, Georgia Kourlaba3
1Master of Sciences (MSc) Program "General Pediatrics and Pediatric Subspecialties: Clinical Practice and Research", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients
|November 9, 2024
Summary
Time-restricted eating (TRE), which aligns food intake with the body's natural circadian rhythm, promotes significant weight loss. This dietary approach also improves key cardiometabolic risk factors, offering a promising strategy for metabolic health.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic pathways
- Circadian biology
- Nutritional science
Background:
- Endogenous metabolic pathways fluctuate with daily light-dark cycles, defining the circadian rhythm.
- Time-restricted eating (TRE) synchronizes eating patterns with the body's internal clock.
- Understanding TRE's impact on metabolic health is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) on body weight.
- To assess TRE's impact on body composition.
- To evaluate TRE's influence on cardiometabolic risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing TRE to regular diets.
- Inclusion criteria focused on studies without calorie restriction.
- Analysis of data from 26 distinct studies.
Main Results:
- TRE led to significant reductions in body weight (mean difference [MD]: -1.622 kg), body mass index (BMI) (MD: -0.919 kg/m²), and waist circumference (MD: -2.015 cm).
- Whole-body fat mass (WBFM) also decreased significantly (MD: -0.662 kg).
- Improvements were observed in insulin concentrations (MD: -0.458 mIU/L), total cholesterol (MD: -2.889 mg/dL), and LDL cholesterol (MD: -2.717 mg/dL).
Conclusions:
- Time-restricted eating (TRE) demonstrates efficacy in promoting weight loss.
- TRE positively impacts body composition and reduces cardiometabolic risk factors.
- Larger clinical trials are warranted to substantiate these findings.
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