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Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species

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Utilizing Short Interspersed Nuclear Element as a Genetic Marker for Pre-Harvest Sprouting in Wheat.

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¹Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21111 Rue Lakeshore, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 9, 2024

Summary

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in wheat is linked to a SINE retrotransposon insertion in the TaAGO802B gene. This insertion lowers gene expression and methylation, serving as a valuable marker for breeding PHS-resistant wheat.

Keywords:

Argonaute DNA methylation SINE dormancy epigenetics genetic marker pre-harvest sprouting

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Area of Science:

Plant genetics
Epigenetics
Crop science

Background:

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) causes significant yield and quality losses in wheat globally.
Traditional breeding methods are insufficient; epigenetic regulation, particularly RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) via Argonaute (AGO) proteins, is implicated in seed dormancy and PHS.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the AGO802B gene in wheat PHS resistance.
To identify genetic markers associated with PHS resistance.

Main Methods:

Analysis of SINE retrotransposon insertion in the 3'UTR of the TaAGO802B gene across wheat cultivars.
Gene expression analysis of TaAGO802B in relation to SINE insertion and PHS scores.
Methylation level assessment in relation to PHS scores and SINE insertion.
Co-segregation analysis of SINE insertion with PHS resistance in a doubled haploid (DH) population.

Main Results:

A SINE insertion in the TaAGO802B 3'UTR was found in 73.2% of analyzed cultivars, including 92.6% of resistant ones.
Cultivars with the SINE insertion showed 73.3% lower TaAGO802B expression and significantly lower methylation levels.
The SINE insertion co-segregated with PHS resistance in the DH population, indicating its role in resistance.

Conclusions:

The SINE insertion in TaAGO802B is strongly associated with PHS resistance in wheat.
This insertion acts as a potential genetic marker for wheat germplasm screening.
It offers an efficient tool for breeding PHS-resistant wheat cultivars.