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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel01:27

Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel

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Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
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Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

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Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
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Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume01:14

Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume

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Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
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Gradually Varying Flow01:29

Gradually Varying Flow

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Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
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Modeling and Similitude01:12

Modeling and Similitude

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Scaled modeling is a fundamental technique in engineering, enabling the study of large and complex systems by creating smaller, manageable replicas that recreate critical characteristics of the original. In hydrology and civil infrastructure, for example, scaled models of dams help analyze water flow, turbulence, and pressure. This method allows for accurate predictions of real-world behavior within a controlled environment, significantly reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale...
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Underflow Gates01:30

Underflow Gates

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Underflow gates are vital for controlling water flow in irrigation canals. The three main types of underflow gates — vertical, radial, and drum gates — serve different purposes while ensuring effective flow management. Vertical gates move up and down, generating a free-flowing water jet; radial gates pivot to regulate the flow; and drum gates rotate for precise adjustments. The flow through these gates is influenced by downstream conditions, resulting in free or drowned outflow.Free and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Efficient and equitable irrigation management: A fuzzy multi-objective optimization model integrating water movement

Hong Chang1, Gang Li1, Chenglong Zhang1

  • 1Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.

Journal of Environmental Management
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a multi-objective model for optimizing irrigation water allocation, balancing economic benefits, water equity, and efficiency under uncertainty. The model provides optimal solutions for sustainable irrigated agriculture.

Keywords:
Decision-makingInteractive fuzzy programmingIrrigation planningMulti-objective programmingPhysical processesUncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Water Management
  • Optimization Modeling
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Irrigation decisions face conflicts between economic benefits, water equity, and efficiency, especially under uncertainty.
  • Managing water resources sustainably requires balancing competing objectives in irrigation.
  • The Hetao Irrigation District exemplifies challenges in irrigation water supply and demand conflicts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust multi-objective model for optimizing irrigation water allocation.
  • To balance economic benefits, water equity, and irrigation efficiency under uncertainty.
  • To address conflicts in irrigation water supply and demand.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized water balance simulation to model daily water movement (irrigation, soil, groundwater, drainage).
  • Employed interval multi-objective programming and fuzzy-boundary interval programming to manage objective conflicts under uncertainty.
  • Applied interactive algorithms to align constraint feasibility with objective satisfaction for optimal solutions.

Main Results:

  • Optimal water allocation solutions were derived for different feasibility levels (0.5-1.0) across subareas and crops.
  • Decision satisfaction peaked at a feasibility level of 0.9, balancing feasibility and objective satisfaction.
  • At 0.9 feasibility, economic benefits were [3.62, 13.60] × 10^9 Yuan, with a reduced Gini coefficient compared to 1.0 feasibility.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model facilitates decision-making for irrigation optimization under multiple conflicting objectives and uncertainties.
  • Achieving optimal irrigation water allocation promotes sustainable irrigated agriculture across economic, social, and resource dimensions.
  • Balancing feasibility and objective satisfaction is crucial for aligning model outcomes with decision-maker expectations.