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Phytochemicals and Their Nanoformulations for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Exploring Potential and Targeting
Safia Obaidur Rab1,2, R Roopashree3, Farag M A Altalbawy4
1Central Labs, King Khalid University, AlQura'a, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to pose a global health concern, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. In the recent decade, targeting tumor stroma consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM), immune cells, vascular system, hypoxia, and also suppressive mechanisms in HCC has attracted interest in repressing tumor growth and metastasis. Phytochemicals have attained considerable attention because of their manifold biological effects and high capacity for anticancer activities. These chemical agents have shown the capability to modulate different cells and secretions within the stroma of malignancies. In recent years, the development of nanoformulations has further enhanced the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals by improving their solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery to tumor tissues. This review aims to provide an encyclopedic overview of the potential of phytochemicals and their nanoformulations as promising therapeutic strategies for targeting HCC. The review initially highlights the broad array of phytochemicals exhibiting potent anticancer properties, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, among others. Then, the nanoformulations and modification of these agents will be reviewed. Finally, we will review the latest experiments that have examined the modulation of HCC using adjuvant phytochemicals and their nanoformulations.
Insights
Phytochemicals and their nanoformulations show promise for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by modulating tumor stroma. These natural compounds offer novel therapeutic strategies against this prevalent cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health challenge.
- Targeting the tumor stroma, including extracellular matrix and immune cells, is a key strategy in HCC therapy.
- Phytochemicals are recognized for their diverse biological effects and potent anticancer activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of phytochemicals and their nanoformulations for HCC treatment.
- To explore the potential of these agents in modulating the tumor microenvironment.
- To review recent experimental evidence on phytochemical-based HCC modulation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on phytochemicals and their anticancer properties.
- Analysis of nanoformulation strategies to enhance phytochemical delivery and efficacy.
- Examination of studies investigating the use of phytochemicals in HCC therapy.
Main Results:
- Phytochemicals like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds exhibit significant anticancer properties.
- Nanoformulations improve phytochemical solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery to HCC tissues.
- Emerging research highlights the efficacy of phytochemicals and their nanoformulations in modulating HCC.
Conclusions:
- Phytochemicals and their nanoformulations represent a promising therapeutic avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Targeting tumor stroma with these agents offers a novel approach to combat HCC growth and metastasis.
- Further research into phytochemical-based nano-therapeutics is warranted for HCC treatment.
