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Preclinical Development: Overview

Preclinical Development: Overview

Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Published on: October 20, 2018

Engineering organoids-on-chips for drug testing and evaluation.

Hui Wang¹, Wan Zhu², Cong Xu³

¹Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental

|November 10, 2024

Summary

Organoids-on-chips merge stem cell organoids with micro-physiological systems for advanced drug screening. This innovative platform overcomes limitations of traditional models, offering more accurate human physiology replication.

Keywords:

Drug screening Engineering strategies Microfluidics Organoids-on-chips Preclinical-to-clinical conversion Safety assessment

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Regenerative Medicine
Drug Discovery

Background:

Traditional preclinical models like 2D cell cultures and animal studies have limitations in accurately predicting human physiological responses.
Organoids-on-chips represent a significant advancement, integrating stem cell-derived organoids with microfluidic technology.
This technology aims to create more biomimetic in vitro systems for enhanced drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the challenges and requirements for effective preclinical drug screening models.
To highlight the capabilities of organoids-on-chips in replicating human physiology.
To explore the potential and obstacles in developing advanced organoids-on-chips for drug assessment.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on organoids-on-chips in drug screening and safety evaluation.
Analysis of the features and benefits of organoids-on-chips compared to traditional models.
Discussion of recent advancements and future directions in the field.

Main Results:

Organoids-on-chips offer a superior platform for in vitro construction of biomimetic micro-physiological systems.
This technology authentically replicates human physiology, addressing limitations of conventional drug screening methods.
Recent studies demonstrate successful applications of organoids-on-chips in drug screening and safety assessments.

Conclusions:

Organoids-on-chips present a promising avenue for more accurate and efficient drug screening and safety evaluations.
Further development is needed to enhance the practicality and clinical translation of these sophisticated models.
Multidisciplinary innovation is key to accelerating the adoption of organoids-on-chips in healthcare and industry.