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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Published on: July 4, 2007

Functional outcome after infectious encephalitis: a longitudinal multicentre prospective cohort study.

Pierre Fillâtre¹, Alexandra Mailles², Jean Paul Stahl³

¹Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hospitalier Yves Le Foll, Saint Brieuc, France; INSERM, CIC 1414, Rennes, France.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

|November 10, 2024

Summary

Infectious encephalitis survivors often experience long-term functional deficits, with recovery taking months. Key factors influencing outcomes include age, immunosuppression, ICU admission, brain imaging, and the specific infectious agent.

Keywords:

Functional outcome Herpes simplex virus Infectious encephalitis Sequelae Varicella zoster virus

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Neuroscience

Background:

Infectious encephalitis (IE) can lead to significant long-term neurological sequelae.
Understanding the trajectory of functional recovery and associated risk factors is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the longitudinal functional outcomes in patients surviving infectious encephalitis.
To identify risk factors associated with poor functional outcomes after IE.

Main Methods:

Prospective cohort study (ENCEIF) including 322 patients followed for 1 year post-discharge.
Functional outcome assessed using modified Rankin scale (mRS), cognitive function, and daily living activities.
Multivariable mixed ordinal regression analysis used to identify risk factors for poor outcome.

Main Results:

At 12 months, 49% of patients had fully recovered, while 43% had persistent symptoms.
Significant improvement was observed between 6 and 12 months post-discharge (24%).
Factors associated with poor outcome included older age, immunosuppression, ICU admission, abnormal brain imaging, and specific causative agents like herpes simplex virus 1.

Conclusions:

Functional recovery after infectious encephalitis can extend beyond 6 months.
Baseline health status, disease severity indicators (ICU admission, brain imaging), and causative agents are significant predictors of functional outcome.