Risk detection and assessment in small-scale metalworking industries of southwest Ethiopia

Workplace accidents present a significant challenge in the number of risks, working environment, and the number of workers exposed to them. These risk factors require systematic management, assessment, and control. Therefore, the present study aims to assess risk detection and assessment in small-scale metalwork industries in Jimma City, southwest Ethiopia."

Data collection from two hundred employers and managers was conducted using a cross-sectional study design, incorporating a worksheet, observation, risk-detecting checklists, and technical documents. Finally, the percentage, frequency, and chi-square tests were utilized to analyze the risk factors identified in small-scale metalworking industries, and independent variables that showed a significant correlation with each dependent variable at p < 0.05 were selected for further analysis.

The findings showed, 1460 risks at a workshop, out of which 6.85 % were first rank, 2.74 % second rank, 73.97 % third rank, and 16.44 % were fourth rank. The most hazardous units were metal part assembly, handling, cutting, and electrical welding. Moreover, factors like heat, electric shock from the machine, noise, and vibration have an association with the occurrence of physical risk factors among the participants. Furthermore, excessive force, lifting and carrying heavy weight by hand, uncomfortable hand tools, and repetitive activity were associated with the incidence of moderate ergonomic risk factors. In addition, exposure to spraying mists, and explosion of gases and liquids under pressurized chemicals causes moderate incidence among participants. Finally, lack of experience and skills, poor work relations with colleagues and supervisors, lack of concentration, work overcapacity, and lack of training were causes of psychosocial risk factors among the participants.

The findings reveal a multitude of risks across various ranks, with factors such as lack of knowledge, negligence of safety measures, and stress emerging as significant contributors. Addressing these issues through comprehensive safety protocols and training initiatives is paramount to ensuring the well-being of workers and the effective management of workplace risks.