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[Hyperprolactinemia].

M P König, P Kopp

    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hyperprolactinemia, often caused by pituitary tumors or medications, presents with symptoms like irregular periods, infertility, and loss of libido. Dopamine agonists effectively lower prolactin levels and can shrink tumors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Oncology

    Context:

    • Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine disorder.
    • Causes include pituitary tumors (prolactinomas), medications, hypothyroidism, and chronic organ failure.
    • Symptoms vary between sexes, including menstrual irregularities, infertility, galactorrhea, hirsutism, and sexual dysfunction.

    Purpose:

    • To review the causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of hyperprolactinemia.
    • To highlight the significance of prolactinomas as a primary cause.
    • To discuss diagnostic modalities and therapeutic approaches.

    Summary:

    • Hyperprolactinemia stems from various factors, with prolactinomas being the most significant. Clinical presentation includes hormonal imbalances and mass effects from larger tumors.

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  • Diagnosis relies on biochemical testing and neuroimaging. Dynamic tests have limited routine utility.
  • Treatment involves addressing underlying causes and utilizing dopaminergic agents like bromocriptine, which effectively reduce prolactin levels and tumor size.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing hyperprolactinemia.
    • Emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for better patient outcomes.
    • Highlights the efficacy of dopamine agonists in managing prolactinomas and associated symptoms.