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Estimating Demographic Parameters for Bearded Seals, Erignathus barbatus, in Alaska Using Close-Kin Mark-Recapture

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Close-kin mark-recapture (CKMR) methods estimated bearded seal abundance at ~409,000, accounting for male breeding success. This vital data aids management of this threatened ice seal population.

Keywords:
abundance estimationkinshiplife historyphocidsubsistence harvestsurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife population dynamics
  • Conservation genetics
  • Marine mammal ecology

Background:

  • Ice-associated phocids, or ice seals, are crucial for Alaska Native communities.
  • The Beringia distinct population segment of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus nauticus) is listed as threatened.
  • Accurate population estimates are essential for effective management of harvested species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate population parameters for bearded seals using close-kin mark-recapture (CKMR).
  • To apply CKMR methods for the first time to marine mammals.
  • To inform management strategies for a threatened and harvested species.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of 1758 harvested bearded seals (1998-2020) for kin relationship analysis.
  • Utilizing parent-offspring pairs (POPs), half-sibling pairs (HSPs), and grandparent-grandchild pairs (GGPs).
  • Employing a statistical CKMR model that accommodates heterogeneity in male breeding success.

Main Results:

  • Kin relationships identified in 1484 seals, including POPs, HSPs, and GGPs.
  • Evidence of heterogeneity in male reproductive success, with no full sibling pairs found.
  • An abundance estimate of ~409,000 (CV=0.35) using a model accounting for breeding success variation.

Conclusions:

  • CKMR is a viable method for estimating marine mammal abundance and demographics.
  • Accounting for breeding success heterogeneity significantly impacts abundance estimates.
  • CKMR offers valuable insights into survival, fecundity, and breeding success for conservation.