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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Dental Pulp Research with Improved Mouse Models
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Different pulp capping agents and their effect on pulp inflammatory response: A narrative review.

Mustafa Tariq Mutar1, Anas F Mahdee1

  • 1Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

The Saudi Dental Journal
|November 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Specialized dental materials can promote pulp healing by controlling inflammation and infection. While conventional agents aid repair, newer materials show promise for regeneration, though further development is needed.

Keywords:
BiomodulatorBiomodulatorsCell cultureHistologyImmunologic factorsImmunomodulationMolecularPulp Capping agentPulp cappingPulp capping agents

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Pulp Biology
  • Regenerative Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Dental pulp damage necessitates controlled inflammation for healing and repair.
  • Specialized medical materials are crucial for infection control and promoting pulp regeneration.
  • Understanding material effects on pulp histology and molecular pathways is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To categorize materials used for pulp healing and repair.
  • To identify histological and molecular effects of these materials on pulp tissue and cells.
  • To determine which materials trigger favorable inflammatory pathways for regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using PubMed database and MeSH terms.
  • Search focused on English articles published between January 2010 and December 2023.
  • Inclusion of studies with histological and molecular findings, resulting in 33 selected articles.

Main Results:

  • Conventional pulp capping agents promote healing via dentine bridge formation with mild to moderate inflammation.
  • Experimentally developed materials show potential to reduce inflammation and necrosis compared to conventional agents.
  • Newer materials require further development for commercialization as ideal pulp-capping solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled inflammation is essential for directing pulpal response towards healing and regeneration.
  • The M2 phenotype macrophages play a significant immunomodulatory role in pulp regeneration.
  • Lack of standardized experimental protocols hinders precise decision-making in material selection for pulp regeneration.