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Immunization Status, Immunization Coverage, and Factors Associated with Immunization Service Utilization Among
Mousumi Datta1, Shamima Yasmin2, Rahul Biswas2
1Department of Community Medicine, R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India.
International Journal of MCH and AIDS
|November 11, 2024
Summary
Immunization coverage for children affected by HIV in India is low, primarily due to parental unawareness and stigma. Improving vaccination rates requires better record-keeping and respectful healthcare provider training.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Immunology
Background:
- Children born to HIV-infected mothers often face challenges with immunization coverage.
- Current immunization status for this vulnerable group in India remains largely unknown.
- This study addresses the critical need to understand vaccination gaps in HIV-affected children in India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the immunization status of children born to HIV-infected mothers in West Bengal, India.
- To identify service utilization issues impacting vaccination completion.
- To determine factors associated with immunization status in this population.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive, cross-sectional, multisite study was conducted in four districts of West Bengal, India.
- Data was collected from 131 children aged 12-59 months using interviewer-administered questionnaires.
- Immunization status was analyzed using Chi-square and regression analyses.
Main Results:
- Only 58.8% of children received all recommended vaccines, including the birth dose of Hepatitis-B (Hep-B).
- Lower immunization rates were observed in specific districts, with Murshidabad and South 24 Parganas showing the lowest coverage.
- Key barriers included lack of awareness about due dates and stigma experienced from healthcare providers.
Conclusions:
- Lower immunization coverage is linked to parental unawareness and stigma encountered during healthcare access.
- Implementing strategies like documenting vaccine due dates can improve coverage.
- Training healthcare providers to offer non-discriminatory, respectful care is crucial for enhancing vaccination rates.
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