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Published on: January 7, 2019
Characterisation and Sensitivity of a Canine Mast Cell Tumour Line to Oncolytic Viruses
Yeganeh Mehrani1, Julia E Kakish1, Christina Napoleoni1
1Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract:
Canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) are one of the most common skin cancers of dogs. Surgical removal is the primary treatment, but recurrence and metastasis can occur even with low-grade tumours. As a result, new treatment strategies are being sought. We tested the potential of several oncolytic viruses (OVs) to infect and kill a cell line isolated from a canine MCT. Employing a resazurin-based metabolic assay and flow cytometry technology, we used recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV-Δm51), avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOaV-1), and Orf viruses in our assessment. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential of oncolytic virotherapy in treating canine cancers. We found that MCT-1 cells showed different sensitivities to the OVs, with rVSV-Δm51 showing the most promising results in vitro. These findings suggest that further investigation into using OVs for treating canine MCTs is needed, although clinical efficacy is yet to be determined.
Insights
Researchers explored oncolytic viruses (OVs) for treating canine mast cell tumours (MCTs). Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV-Δm51) showed the most promise in killing cancer cells in laboratory tests.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Oncology
- Virology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common skin cancers in dogs.
- Surgical removal is standard, but recurrence and metastasis remain challenges.
- Novel therapeutic strategies are needed for canine MCTs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the potential of oncolytic virotherapy for canine cancers.
- To assess the efficacy of specific oncolytic viruses against a canine MCT cell line.
- To identify promising oncolytic viruses for further investigation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a resazurin-based metabolic assay to measure cell viability.
- Employed flow cytometry to analyze viral infection and cell death.
- Tested recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV-Δm51), avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOaV-1), and Orf viruses in vitro.
Main Results:
- Canine MCT-1 cells exhibited varying sensitivities to the tested oncolytic viruses.
- rVSV-Δm51 demonstrated the most significant efficacy in infecting and killing MCT-1 cells in vitro.
- AOaV-1 and Orf viruses showed less pronounced effects on the cancer cell line.
Conclusions:
- Oncolytic virotherapy holds potential for treating canine mast cell tumours.
- rVSV-Δm51 is a promising candidate for further development in canine cancer treatment.
- Additional research is required to determine the clinical efficacy of these oncolytic viruses.
