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Fibrillar Hydrogel Inducing Cell Mechanotransduction for Tissue Engineering.

Viktoriia V Egorova1, Mariia P Lavrenteva1, Liubov N Makhaeva2

  • 1ChemBioCluster, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.

Biomacromolecules
|November 11, 2024
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Summary

Researchers developed a new hydrogel (MyoColl) for tissue engineering. This printable and cytocompatible material supports cell growth and shows potential for muscle tissue regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Bioprinting

Background:

  • Designing multifunctional bioinks is crucial for tissue engineering, requiring a balance between printability and cytocompatibility.
  • Current bioinks often face limitations in achieving optimal printability and cellular support simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fibrillar hydrogel, MyoColl, by combining B-type gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate via Schiff base formation, incorporating type I collagen.
  • To evaluate the printability, cytocompatibility, and potential for muscle tissue engineering applications of the developed MyoColl hydrogel.

Main Methods:

  • Schiff base formation between B-type gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate.
  • Incorporation of type I collagen to form the MyoColl hydrogel.
  • Characterization of hydrogel properties including sol-gel transition, shear thinning, Young's modulus, and shape accuracy.
  • Assessment of cytocompatibility using metabolic activity tests and fluorescent microscopy of C2C12 myoblast cell cultures.
  • Evaluation of cell mechanotransduction and myofilament formation in 3D printed MyoColl constructs.

Main Results:

  • The MyoColl hydrogel demonstrated temperature- and mass-ratio-dependent sol-gel transitions, with tunable properties based on component ratios.
  • The hydrogel exhibited excellent printability characteristics, including shear thinning, yielding, and shape accuracy.
  • Significant cytocompatibility was observed for C2C12 myoblasts cultured on 2D MyoColl hydrogels.
  • Primary signs of cell mechanotransduction and myofilament formation were detected in 3D printed MyoColl constructs.

Conclusions:

  • MyoColl is a versatile and cytocompatible hydrogel platform suitable for biofabrication.
  • The developed hydrogel shows significant promise as a scaffold for muscle tissue engineering.
  • Further research into MyoColl could advance the field of regenerative medicine and tissue repair.