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Stable Non-equilibrium Structures in Chiral Nematics under Microfluidic Flow.

Tadej Emeršič1, Kushal Bagchi1,2, Sullivan Fitz1,3

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Microfluidic flow aligns cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), unlocking their photonic properties. This flow enables the creation of novel non-equilibrium CLC structures for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are responsive materials with applications in sensing, imaging, and displays.
  • Existing methods to control CLC properties include electric fields and surface treatments.
  • The effect of fluid flow on CLC structure and optical properties is largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of microfluidic flow on the structure of thermotropic CLCs.
  • To explore the potential of fluid flow for controlling CLC photonic properties.
  • To determine if microfluidic flow can induce novel CLC structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidic devices to subject thermotropic CLCs to controlled fluid flow.
  • Analyzed the structural changes in CLCs under shear forces induced by the flow.
  • Investigated the resulting optical properties, including photonic band gaps.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that microfluidic shear forces align the helical axis of CLCs.
  • Showed that flow-induced alignment is crucial for harnessing CLC photonic properties.
  • Observed the generation of non-equilibrium CLC structures with unique photonic band gaps.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic flow is an effective method for controlling the structure and optical properties of CLCs.
  • Flow processing of CLCs can lead to photonic properties inaccessible in static states.
  • Findings support the use of CLCs in flow-based manufacturing techniques like additive manufacturing.