Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
Published on: May 2, 2011
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 KP.1, KP.1.1, KP.2 and KP.3 by human and murine sera
Kun Xu1, Yaling An2, Xueyuan Liu3
1Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Abstract:
We report SARS-CoV-2 KP.1, KP.1.1, KP.2 and KP.3 neutralizing antibody titers. They displayed increased immune evasion compared to JN.1, especially KP.1 and KP.3, for participants who experienced BF.7/BA.5.2 breakthrough infection or received bivalent (delta/BA.5) vaccine boosting. Second XBB sub-variants breakthrough infection enhanced the neutralization responses. HK.3-JN.1 RBD-heterodimer induced balanced and potent neutralizing responses against recently-circulating SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants in mice, supporting to replace the COVID-19 antigen containing JN.1 or its sub-variants.
Related Concept Videos
Viral Recombination
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
Coronavirus

