Facial nerve baroparesis: a case report

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Neurology
• Aerospace Medicine

Background:

• Facial nerve baroparesis is a peripheral nerve injury from barotrauma during activities like flying.
• It results from middle ear pressure changes affecting the facial nerve, causing facial palsy.
• This underreported condition requires greater awareness for effective patient management.

Observation:

• Two cases of facial nerve baroparesis during flights are presented, involving transient and recurrent episodes.
• Patients experienced symptoms like nasal congestion, sore throat, and facial pain, with varying degrees of Eustachian tube dysfunction.
• Episodes resolved spontaneously, highlighting the temporary nature of the condition.

Findings:

• Facial nerve baroparesis is a significant cause of facial nerve palsy, particularly after pressure fluctuations.
• Eustachian tube dysfunction is a suspected contributing factor to the condition's development.
• Characteristic features include rapid onset, brief duration, and potential bilateral facial muscle involvement.

Implications:

• Accurate identification of baroparesis is essential for appropriate management, avoiding unnecessary treatments.
• Educating healthcare professionals and flight personnel can improve patient care and reduce anxiety.
• Management of recurrent cases should focus on addressing Eustachian tube dysfunction to prevent future episodes.