A Scoping Study of Cultural Adaptation Frameworks

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Health Behavior Research
• Intervention Science

Background:

• Translating evidence-based interventions is crucial for improving public health outcomes and reducing health disparities.
• Cultural adaptation is a strategy to effectively reach diverse populations with health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compile definitions of program adaptations.
• To identify processes and steps involved in cultural adaptations.
• To provide recommendations for future research on cultural adaptations.

Main Methods:

• A scoping review was conducted on cultural adaptation frameworks and models in public health.
• Studies were systematically coded for definitions, adaptation processes, community engagement, and public health topics.

Main Results:

• Fifteen frameworks detailing cultural adaptation concepts and processes were identified, with nine offering distinct definitions.
• Common steps included community information gathering and preliminary program development; over half incorporated pilot testing refinements.
• Community engagement was reported in 86.7% of articles, though expert roles and dissemination were rarely mentioned.

Conclusions:

• This review clarifies definitions and themes in cultural adaptation processes for public health interventions.
• Key steps for conducting cultural adaptations are presented.
• Findings can guide future adaptations to ensure culturally competent research and practice, ultimately reducing health disparities.