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A cross-sectional study in adiponectin, glucose metabolism, and body composition in cystic fibrosis

Bibi Uhre Nielsen1, Christine Råberg Mikkelsen1, Peter Sandor Oturai2

  • 1Cystic Fibrosis Center Copenhagen, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|November 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Adiponectin (ADP) levels in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are linked to malnutrition, not glucose intolerance. Lower body mass, fat, muscle, and bone mass correlate with higher ADP, suggesting malnutrition increases ADP in CF.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting multiple organs, including the pancreas, leading to malabsorption and malnutrition.
  • Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD) is a common complication, characterized by impaired glucose metabolism.
  • Adiponectin (ADP), an adipokine, plays a role in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, and its levels may be altered in metabolic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between adiponectin (ADP) levels and glucose metabolism in adults with CF.
  • To assess the correlation between ADP, body composition (including fat, muscle, and bone mass), and insulin resistance in CF patients.
  • To determine if ADP is upregulated in CF patients with CFRD or underweight status.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Copenhagen CF Center involving adult CF patients.
  • Fasting adiponectin (ADP) levels were measured.
  • An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to assess glucose metabolism.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to evaluate body composition.

Main Results:

  • In multivariable analysis, glucose intolerance was not correlated with ADP levels.
  • Increased hepatic insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly correlated with reduced ADP levels.
  • ADP levels showed a negative correlation with body mass index, fat mass index, muscle mass index, and bone mineral content index, indicating lower ADP with higher body composition metrics.

Conclusions:

  • Adiponectin (ADP) is negatively correlated with hepatic insulin resistance and reduced fat, muscle, and bone mass in individuals with CF.
  • The findings suggest that malnutrition, rather than glucose intolerance, may lead to elevated ADP levels in CF patients.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between adiponectin, body composition, and metabolic health in cystic fibrosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
adiponectinbone masscystic fibrosisfat massmuscle mass

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