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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
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Coupler-Assisted Leakage Reduction for Scalable Quantum Error Correction with Superconducting Qubits.

Xiaohan Yang1,2,3,4, Ji Chu1,2,3, Zechen Guo1,2,3

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This study introduces a novel leakage reduction scheme for superconducting qubits, crucial for scalable quantum error correction. The method effectively suppresses correlated errors, paving the way for fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Superconducting Circuits
  • Quantum Error Correction

Background:

  • Superconducting qubits are vital for fault-tolerant quantum computers.
  • State leakage in superconducting circuits causes correlated errors, hindering quantum error correction (QEC) scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a scheme for reducing state leakage in superconducting qubits.
  • To suppress correlated errors that impede scalable quantum error correction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tunable couplers and their frequency tunability.
  • Leveraged stray interactions between couplers and readout resonators.
  • Developed a method to eliminate state leakage on couplers and reduce leakage to higher qubit levels.

Main Results:

  • Eliminated state leakage on couplers, suppressing space-correlated errors.
  • Achieved 98.1% efficiency in reducing leakage to higher qubit levels.
  • Maintained a low error rate of 0.58% on the computational subspace, suppressing time-correlated errors.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed leakage reduction scheme effectively suppresses both space- and time-correlated errors.
  • This technique is a promising building block for scalable quantum error correction in superconducting qubits.
  • Demonstrated potential for advancing fault-tolerant quantum computing.