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Extended artificial intelligence aversion: People deny humanness to artificial intelligence users
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|November 12, 2024
Summary
People dehumanize individuals seeking advice from artificial intelligence (AI), viewing them as less human. This aversion can be reduced by emphasizing AI
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Artificial Intelligence Ethics
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is often perceived as lacking human qualities, leading to a preference for human experts.
- Existing research highlights AI aversion, but the current study investigates aversion toward individuals who use AI for advice-seeking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine how people perceive individuals seeking advice from AI compared to those seeking advice from humans.
- To understand the role of perceived similarity and AI aversion in dehumanizing AI advice seekers.
- To explore interventions for mitigating the dehumanization of AI advice seekers.
Main Methods:
- Eight preregistered studies involving 2,317 participants across various AI use scenarios.
- Comparative analysis of perceptions of AI advice seekers versus human advice seekers.
- Mediation analysis to assess the role of perceived similarity and AI aversion.
- Intervention studies using anthropomorphism to alleviate dehumanization.
Main Results:
- Participants denied humanness, particularly emotional capacity and human nature traits, to AI advice seekers compared to human advice seekers.
- Perceived dissimilarity mediated this dehumanization, especially for individuals with higher AI aversion.
- Dehumanization of AI advice seekers correlated with reduced behavioral support and helping intentions.
- Anthropomorphism interventions, like highlighting AI's humanlike qualities or using generative AI, successfully reduced dehumanization.
Conclusions:
- The study advances understanding of AI aversion by focusing on AI users, revealing a tendency to dehumanize them.
- Perceived dissimilarity and individual AI aversion significantly influence the dehumanization of AI advice seekers.
- Interventions promoting anthropomorphism can effectively mitigate negative perceptions and support for AI advice seekers.
- Findings underscore the importance of considering the social implications of AI adoption and user perceptions.
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